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5 Common Word Usage Mistakes that Make You Sound Stupid (or Worse, Pompous)

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May 25, 2010

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In an age of texting and Twitter, does grammar matter? I’m not going to go all schoolmarm on you and insist that Yes!! You in the third row! You must always punctuate pristinely and spell impeccably!! (Insert knuckle rap with a stiff ruler here!) 

 

The truth is, no. It dznt always matter, unless u r anal. (Which I am, of course. But that’s a choice each of us is free to make, at least in regard to grammar.) 

 

But good grammar and usage do indeed matter generally, because as a business leader, colleague and boss, it’s important for you to communicate clearly, and to speak well. As business writer and management consultant Peter Drucker has said, “As soon as you take one step up the career ladder, your effectiveness depends on your ability to communicate your thoughts in writing and in speaking.”

 

Good communication matters in marketing, especially, because the words you use (and how you use them) create an image of who you are. Websites, brochures, blog posts, sales collateral, Slideshare presentations, Facebook pages and Twitter streams full of jargon, pabulum, and poor grammar tell your customers that you don’t really care. 

 

If you care about your business, you should also care how you describe it. If you care about making a great impression, you should take care in how you speak and write. 

 

A lot of people have grammar pet peeves that drive them nuts (you probably do, too). What follows are mine, because as a business writer and editor, I see and hear them far too frequently:

- Confusing who and that. The rule: use who when you are referring to a person, that when you are referring to a thing. Duh, right? You’d think. But the other day, on NPR, I heard the interviewer say, “She is someone that I’ve known for years....” Ugh. In other words, if I had a nickel for every time I heard that in place of who… I wouldn’t drive a 5-year-old station wagon.

 

- Irregardless. Rule: Irregardless is not a word.  In other words, it communicates nothing other than the fact that you are a trying to sound all edu-ma-cated and fancy-like, when you are anything but.

 

- Old-fashion vs. old-fashioned.  The rule: The correct phrase is old-fashioned. In an email to me the other day, the sender referred to “old-fashion marketing tactics like the Yellow Pages and direct mail.” Now, you can argue whether phone-book advertising and direct mail still are viable marketing tactics. But you can’t argue that they are “old-fashion.” 

 

- Orient vs. orientate. The rule:  Use orient as a verb to express “to find direction”; use orientate if you want to sound affected. 

 

This one I find particularly grating, because I once had a boss I disliked who used orientate frequently. The only shred of satisfaction I got out of working for him was that he made himself regularly sound pompous.

 

- Between you and I. Actually, it’s between you and me. I consulted my favorite editor, Vahe, for a quick explanation of why we should use me instead of I, and he gave me the very simple reason (something to do with objects of prepositions). But let me boil it down: Use between you and me, just because it’s correct.

 

- Swapping who and whom willy-nilly. I admit that I sometimes stumble over this one. In her wonderful little guide to grammar, Mignon Fogarty (aka “Grammar Girl”) gives an excellent explanation of how to keep the two straight: “Here’s something I call the him-lich maneuver,” she writes in The Grammar Devotional (HB Fenn, 2009).

 

“Ask if you could hypothetically answer the question with him. If you can, use whom. Him and whom both end with the letter m.” For example: “Who/Whom should we invite?” (You could answer “We should invite him.” So the right choice is whom.)

 

Your turn. What grammar infractions drive you bonkers? What usage woes get you down? Share them below!

 

*****


BIO: Ann Handley if the Chief Content Officer of MarketingProfs. Follow her on Twitter @marketingprofs.

 

Photo credit: spentails  

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Join the conversation ( 47 )

  • Jim Sherring 1 year 10 months and 22 days ago

    Jim Sherring

    I echo the comment on "comprise."Another term that makes my ears bleed: "mute point."

  • Stacy Wood Schindler 1 year 10 months and 22 days ago

    Stacy Wood Schindler

    I cringe at the inappropriate use of plethora and myriad!

  • Jeff Greene 1 year 11 months and 4 days ago

    Jeff Greene

    The word is nuclear not nucular.

  • Stephan Regulinski 1 year 11 months and 4 days ago

    Stephan Regulinski

    Ann,I would like to add the construct "comprised of" to your list. This is incorrect in all circumstances. The author/speaker probably means "composed of", but is trying to sound smart. "Comprise" means "to contain"; as in, "the company comprises three divisions". Usage notes in several entries on dictionary.com indicate that word mavens are losing the battle against "comprised of". Sigh.

  • Bruce Shand 1 year 11 months and 5 days ago

    Bruce Shand

    I see this in print all the time: "should of", "could of", "would of" rather than "should have", etc. I've even seen writers use both the correct and incorrect versions in the same article.Another one that bugs me: "All people can't use grammar correctly", for example, instead of "Not all people can use grammar correctly". The former is clearly not factually correct.

  • Brooke Hodess 1 year 11 months and 5 days ago

    Brooke Hodess

    "Who" vs. "that" is more gray than black and white: http://grammar.quickanddirtytips.com/who-versus-that.aspx "Towards" is a word; it's used in British English; whereas, in American English the proper word is "toward."

  • Michael S. Wentworth 1 year 11 months and 6 days ago

    Michael S. Wentworth

    "Vice-a, versa" is the one that kills me. Have to make my tongue bleed.

  • Jill Fehrenbacher 1 year 11 months and 6 days ago

    Jill Fehrenbacher

    Great post Ann! Can I add another to the list? Is anyone else seeing more and more Completely unnecessary Misplaced Capital letters on Words That are not Proper Nouns? This is by far the most common mistake I see on resumes, pitches and while editing writers' posts these days. It drives me CRAZY!

  • Edward Dell 1 year 11 months and 6 days ago

    Edward Dell

    My discomfort today is in mis-spoken words which are hacked apart by people reading ads and news on NPR. Dozens of these verbal splits occur on almost any day I listen. The most often splintered word is "detail", which I suppose is chopping the tail off the word. Another in the list of "de" victims "defense" but the list is too long for here.

  • Robert "Bob" Butler, CSTE 1 year 11 months and 6 days ago

    Robert "Bob" Butler, CSTE

    OK, I violated one of my own rules and left off the "es" at the end of businesses in my earlier post. I suppose I should be publicly flogged for my error. (Slow down on the typing, Bob.)

  • Robert "Bob" Butler, CSTE 1 year 11 months and 6 days ago

    Robert "Bob" Butler, CSTE

    I agree with all I have seen so far. I would like to add one more to the list: adding an apostrophe to plural word when no there is no ownership. (e.g., I had three car's over the last two years.) I see this on windows of business and it drives me nuts.

  • Monica Welch 1 year 11 months and 9 days ago

    Monica Welch

    Ditto to all of the above. If you are into all things wordish, visit http://wordnymph.com and join in the conversation.

  • Chris Anthony 1 year 11 months and 28 days ago

    Chris Anthony

    I know I'm late here, but I had a couple thoughts I wanted to share:* Affect/effect isn't as simple as verb/noun, sadly. "Affect" can be a noun, meaning "emotional state"; "effect can be a verb, meaning "cause to come to pass" ("we effected those changes last week"). "Effect" is even more frustrating because you can affect an outcome (change it) or effect an outcome (cause it to come to pass).* Strunk was White's teacher; Strunk wrote the book and White later revised it (after Strunk's death, if I'm not mistaken). Unfortunately, while it has some good advice, they're flatly wrong about a number of things, and between Strunk and White the authors have, in their other writing, violated literally every rule in their book. So take anything you read there with a grain of salt.* A bit of trivia: A lot of the rules in English were invented relatively recently. Samuel Johnson is the perpetrator of many of them, since he wanted to reform English to more closely conform to Latin, his favored language. (He's where we get constructions like using "were" for the "subjunctive" - "I wish I were a tree", for instance - despite English not actually having a proper subjunctive. But I digress. :)Finally, my pet peeve: the word "whence" means "from where". "From whence" is redundant.

  • Mark Wilson 1 year 12 months and 0 days ago

    Mark Wilson

    Well I've seen a few in my day: "your" vs. "you're", "weather" vs. "whether", "for all intensive purposes" vs. "for all intents and purposes", "its" vs. "it's", etc.

  • Dina Dembicki 1 year 12 months and 2 days ago

    Dina Dembicki

    I have a couple of grammar peeves.The first is when folks say "you guys". It happens often in a restaurant, even the fancy ones, uttered by my server. First of all, I am not a guy. Second of all, it sounds sloppy and entirely too familiar. I don't want to be familiar with my waiter when I'm paying $25 for an entree. That's a very formal business relationship. The second is adding -ing to a verb when it's unnecessary. I've been searching for an example but I'm out of time and need to sign off.

  • Phoebe King 1 year 12 months and 2 days ago

    Phoebe King

    I still have to look up the tenses of lie/lay. Working with Words (be sure to get the spiral bound "plastic comb" version) has been my go-to grammar, usage and style resource since J-school. I HIGHLY recommend it! http://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-media/product-gallery/0312560796/ref=cm_ciu_pdp_images_0?ie=UTF8&index=0

  • Phoebe King 1 year 12 months and 2 days ago

    Phoebe King

    I'm especially perplexed by the misuse of who/that in broadcast media because I hear it ALL THE TIME! I've begun to wonder whether calling people "that" and companies "who" is a style rule in the broadcast world? (I'm trained as a print journalist and didn't pay much attention to broadcast style rules when we were studying the AP Bible.) Anybody?

  • Doug Stephens 1 year 12 months and 3 days ago

    Doug Stephens

    It drives me crazy when people use THEN instead of THAN. "This is better THEN that."

  • George Eberstadt 1 year 12 months and 3 days ago

    George Eberstadt

    Courtenay, not so simple: affect is a noun when it means emotional energy, and effect is a verb when it means to bring about.Seconding those who picked ensure vs insure.

  • Ryan Turner 1 year 12 months and 4 days ago

    Ryan Turner

    More/Less vs. Greater/FewerBetween vs. AmongLie vs. Lay (but oddly not lye...)

  • Joel Parent 2 years 0 months and 4 days ago

    Joel Parent

    Also mixing these 2 makes me more than a bit nuts too: To “flesh out” an idea is to give it substance, as a sculptor adds clay flesh to a skeletal armature. To “flush out” a criminal is to drive him or her out into the open.

  • Joel Parent 2 years 0 months and 4 days ago

    Joel Parent

    "All's we have to do..." - that one BUGS me. Maybe just "All we have to do..."?

  • LAURA PICKERING 2 years 0 months and 4 days ago

    LAURA PICKERING

    Argh! When people use 'irregardless' it drives me crazy. An ex used to say it a lot and I would grit my teeth and not say anything. Perhaps this is one reason why she's an ex! To me it's as bad as hearing George W. skewer the word 'nuclear' and pronounce it 'nucular'. Gaaaaaa. Thank goodness we don't have to hear that anymore.

  • Ann Handley 2 years 0 months and 4 days ago

    Ann Handley

    All great additions -- thanks, everyone!! Although Dana... I think you meant Strunk & White, not Funk & White. You're getting your reference books confused: Funk & Wagnalls publishes a dictionary; William Strunk was EB White's co-author. (Or perhaps pre-author? Since the book was Strunk's before it was White's.)

  • David Paull 2 years 0 months and 4 days ago

    David Paull

    Oh, this is fun. So many great ones already listed. "Irregardless" is one of my biggest peeves. Here are a few more:Confusing i.e. (in other words) and e.g. (for example)Not properly punctuating i.e. and e.g. (they require periods followed by a comma - i.e., / e.g., not ie / egImproperly placing punctuation inside or outside quotation marks (won't bother to explain the rules here - tons of good resources out there). "Alright" is not a word. It's "all right." "Alright" has become common, but it's wrong.

  • karen turner 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    karen turner

    As a professional writer, I completely agree with you. I worry that seeing these mistakes being made by big brands may change the grammar world forever. My top 3 grammar pet peeves are:1. it's vs. its, I see it on signs everywhere2. your vs. you're, this is just pure laziness3. Adding an 's to acronyms, e.g. DVD's when it should be DVDs

  • Dana Webster 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Dana Webster

    To my chagrin, I learned that Dictionary.com does, in fact, qualify "orientate" as a verb. For years, it's grated on my nerves, and alas, it appears to be real.My AP English teacher in high school had us read Funk and White's "The Elements of Style" - great book! I still have issues when people say they're "nauseous". No, you're "nauseated" unless you're making me sick. Another one they highlight is "alright". Nope! It's "all right" just like it would be "all wrong".I live in Indiana, and we're a grammatical nightmare. But, professional marketers are just as bad. Somehow adverbs have been lost from our vernacular, and mostly it happens in marketing campaigns. Here are some examples:Mac computers: " Think Different" - should have been "Think Differently"Fazoli's (fast food Italian): "Real Italian, Real Fast" should be "Real Italian, Really Quickly"Applebees: "Eating good in the neighborhood" should have been "Eating well in the neighborhood"Like nails on a chalkboard to me.Don't even get me started on all the Mommy communities online......

  • Erin Brenner 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Erin Brenner

    To this list I'd add bi- vs. semi-, as in bimonthly vs. semimonthly. Bi- is two, and semi- is half. So bimonthly is every two months, whereas semimonthly is twice a month. Just remember, you don't ride a semicycle, you ride a bicycle.

  • Rachel Levy 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Rachel Levy

    Great post, thanks! I'll add....For me vs. For myself.... "For myself, I'll have the chicken" -- it should be me.Well vs. Good... "I'm doing good" -- it should be wellOf course there's always your vs you're, and their vs. they're vs. there

  • Lynne Gordon 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Lynne Gordon

    I cringe every time I read 'your' in place of 'you're'. It is easy to tell which to use as 'your' is the possessive. Use it when you are referring to ownership. Your ad, your comment, etc. "You're' is the same thing as 'you are', just shortened. As in 'Your' comment tells me that 'you're' very intelligent.

  • Terri Nuechterlein 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Terri Nuechterlein

    Love this. I am always looking for great grammar resources. My pet peeve is toward vs. towards. Here in the good ol' US it is toward. Right? Towards doesn't even make sense.

  • Susan Getgood 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Susan Getgood

    Over/under instead of more than/less than

  • Heidi LaFleche 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Heidi LaFleche

    Fun piece Ann, thanks for sharing these grammatical goofs! Here's a confusion-causing "three-fer" I've stumbled upon time and again:Assure v. Ensure v. InsureMost business writing means to use "ensure" (meaning to guarantee, as in, "Our company style guide helps ensure our message is communicated consistently..."), but I see "assure" and "insure" used in error a lot. (Correct usage: "I assure you -- as a nervous Boston driver, I will insure my car for the maximum coverage!")That's my addition to the list. Thanks!

  • Rich Swietek 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Rich Swietek

    "Towards" with an "s" is not a word. It's toward.And to follow up on "that" vs. "who." We can pretty much eliminate use of the word "that" from all writing and speaking. Always sounds better/simpler.Those are two that raise my BP.

  • Michael Burgess 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Michael Burgess

    systematic vs systemic

  • Barak Epstein 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Barak Epstein

    "nonplussed"-often used to signify its opposite

  • Ann Handley 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Ann Handley

    Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes & yes. Thank you, everyone! I'm so glad I'm not alone in my agitated state!John - Great resources. Thank you.

  • Jesse Michelsen 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Jesse Michelsen

    My dad used to always correct me when I would say, "those ones". Now I have never looked this up, but his logic was sound..'one' is singular and 'those' is plural..so I think about that often.The one that really bugs me lately is when people say, "Where's the apples" or whatever, using Where's as a substitute for where are, and where is. This goes for "there's" as well.

  • Scott Allen 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Scott Allen

    The one that seems particularly prevalent in the under-30 crowd (and that I can't seem to break my kids of, despite my best efforts) is using "me and ____" as a subject. It's not even correct as an object -- the other person should always be first. But as a subject? Like fingernails on a chalkboard.

  • Kelley Robertson 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Kelley Robertson

    Don't forget about:1. "Then" vs. "Than"2. "Ensure" vs. "Insure"

  • Paul Higby 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Paul Higby

    Preventive -v- 'preventative'Erg.(I) Thank you!

  • Charles Neville 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Charles Neville

    The Grammar Girl Quick & Dirty Tips podcast is worth subscribing to for well explained pointers on common grammar mistakes.http://grammar.quickanddirtytips.com/

  • Rachel (Edenson) Pinn 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Rachel (Edenson) Pinn

    I agree with Courtenay for sure (although the spelling of her first name is suspect). ;)Affect/Effect is a good one, as is Utilize/Use.I would like to offer up using "whenever" to refer to a specific time something happened. "Whenever" is quite the opposite of a particular instance! So, let's add When/Whenever to the list. Thanks.

  • John Jantsch 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    John Jantsch

    This is literally a good article :) Ooh - two other great toolcliche finder - http://www.westegg.com/cliche/Confusing words tool - http://www.confusingwords.com/

  • Courtenay Knox 2 years 0 months and 5 days ago

    Courtenay Knox

    Okay, here are my two biggies: 1. Please do NOT say "utilize" when "use" works just fine.2. And if you do not know the difference between "affect" and "effect" then please read carefully-- "affect" is a verb and "effect" is a noun. When using "affect", substitute another verb and see if it works. Thanks for a great article, Ann!

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